토익 정복 품사구별 문제

품사구별 문제

 

품사구별 문제는 매번 10～15개정도 나오는 것으로, 얕잡아 봐서는 안될 부분이다. 품사문제임을 간파하는 방법은 (a) favor (b) favorable (c) favorably (d) favoring 보기를 면밀히 보면, favor 라는 한 단어의 형용사, 부사 등으로 보기가 구성되어 있지 않은가? 즉, 어차피 같은 단어에서 나왔으므로, 품사만 다를 뿐 뜻은 거의 같다는 얘기 아닌가? 뜻을 몰라도, 품사만 잡아 주면 맞힐 수 있다는 논리이다. 품사 구별 문제는 몇 가지 유형이 있는데, 출제되는 것들은 명사의 위치, 형용사의 위치, 부사의 위치를 묻는 문제인데, 하나하나 따져 보도록 하자.

 

1. 명사의 위치를 묻는 문제 ---- 1. 전치사 명사 2. 형용사 명사 3. 소유격 명사 4. 지시형용사 명사

5. 관용적으로 명사 명사 6. a 명사, the 명사 7. 타동사 명사

타동사 명사는 정말 어려운 문제이다. ‘ 동사 ----’ 일 경우 일단 → 부사가 우선한다. 만약 동사가 타동사인 경우...

즉, 타동사인 경우 부사보다도 먼저 목적어를 필요로 하므로 명사가 그 다음 정답이다.

ex) He solved the problem very easily에서 알 수 있듯이 solve가 타동사이므로 the problem이라는 명사가 온 경우.

 

2. 부사의 위치를 묻는 문제 ---- 부사의 위치에 관한 문제는 매회 출제되고, 가장 많이 출제된다. 다음 사항을 반드시 암기할 것. 기본적으로 부사는 부사, 동사, 형용사, 분사를 수식한다.

ex) He works very hard. ← 여기서 부사 hard는 work를 꾸며주고, 부사 very는 hard를 수식한다.

ex) She is very beautiful. ← 여기서 부사 very는 형용사 beautiful을 꾸민다.

 

부사는 강조의 목적을 위해 문두에 위치하기도 하고(← 이러한 경우, 주어와 동사가 바뀌는 도치현상이 발생한다. 이를 막는 방법은 부사 다음에 콤마(comma)를 찍으면 된다. 즉 ------- , 주어 + 동사 따라서 주어+동사가 나오고 앞에 콤마가 있으면 100% 부사라는 야그이다.) 동사의 앞이나 뒤에 위치하여, 동사를 수식하기도 하고, 주어와 본동사 사이에, be 동사 다음에, 수동태 be 동사와 p.p 사이에, 현재완료 have 와 p.p 사이에 온다. 문제 유형도 이에 착안하여,

 

1. 주어의 앞이나 문장 제일 뒤에 2. 형용사의 앞에 3. 분사의 앞이나 뒤에 4. so ---- that 사이에 5. 주어와 본동사 사이에 6. be ------ p.p 나 have ------ p.p 나 be ------~ing 사이에 7. 동등 비교 as ----- as 사이에 8. 동사 뒤에 9. 비교급과 최상급에

 

3. 형용사의 위치를 묻는 문제 ---- 형용사는 명사를 수식하는 것은 누구나 다 아는 사실. 문제 유형은

1. 명사 앞에 2. be 동사(2형식)뒤에 보어로 3. so ---- that 사이에 4. 비교급과 최상급에 5. 동등비교 as---as에

 

ex) 명사 앞 ------ 형 : ....even ---- flexibility ...... (a) great (b) greater (c) greatness (d) more greatly

정답은? flexibility는 명사이므로 명사 앞에 오는 것은 당연히 형용사가 정답일 것이다.

다만 주의해야 할 것은, even, far, much 같은 단어는 비교급을 수식하므로, 형용사의 비교급 정답(b)를 골라야지 (a)를 골라서는 않된다. 또한 ‘ the ----- 명사 ’에서 즉, the ---- car ... 에서

(a) expensive (b) expense (c) expensively (d) most expensive 중 정답은 (a)로 착각하기 쉬우나 정답은 (d)이다.

정관사 the를 무심코 지나쳐서는 않된다는 사실을 염두해 두기 바란다. 또한 명사 + 명사의 형태는 다음의 3가지만 외워 놓도록 하자. ① maximum security ( 철저한 보안 ) ② service desk ③ consumer loan (1년에 1～2문제)

..... to volunteer ---- services to one of the task committees. (a) they (b) theirs (c) their (d) them 의 정답은??

services라는 명사 앞은 소유격이 정답 (c)

 

ex) be 동사 다음 ----- 형 It is ----- to travel in Europe by train than by airplane. (a) cheaper (b) more cheaply (c) cheap (d) cheapest 정답은? 일단 be 동사(~이다)자체로서는 의미가 통하지 않으므로 보어로 형용사가 오며, than이 있으니까, 형용사 비교급이 정답 (a)

 

Quiz) so ----- that 와 동등 비교 as ----- as 사이에는 형용사도 부사도 올 수 있는데, 확실히 구별하는 방법은 없나요?? 누가 좀 해결해주세요...

☞ 잘 생각해 보세요. 형용사가 정답인 경우 그 앞의 동사가 be동사인 경우이고, 만약 일반동사라면 당연히 부사가 와야 되겠지요? 해결이 되었습니까??

 

 

 

 

 

< 실전문제 풀이1 -- 실제 시험에 나온 것은 아니지만 문제를 푸는 방식은 동일 > --- speed & accuracy

 

1. The pamphlet ---- current trends in the automotive industry rather than past performance.

a. address b. addresses c. addressing d. addresser

 

2. Our firm will comply with the new regulatory policies until we receive ---- notice that we exempted from doing so.

a. officiate b. official c. officer d. officially

 

3. Mark keeps a small ----- of mints at his desk to have after lunch and in the late afternoon.

a. supplier b. supplying c. supplied d. supply

 

4. Lydia joined an exercise facility, but ---- uses it very infrequently.

a. she b. her c. hers d. herself

 

5. If you want ad results that exceed your ----, call our advertising department today.

a. expect b. expectations c. expecting d. expected

 

6. This position requires a degree in accounting and five years financial experience in the electronics ----.

a. industrious b. industrialized c. industrial d. industry

 

7. Mr. Smith travels around the entire country searching for small towns that would be ---- locations for his hotel chain.

a. appropriation b. appropriating c. appropriate d. appropriately

 

8. Boss Tools have the ----- of being the highest quality tools available.

a. repute b. reputing c. reputable d. reputation

 

9. The theme of the Economy Symposium is the ----- consumption of natural resources.

a. accelerates b. accelerator c. accelerating d. acceleration

 

10. Mr. Hogarty took full responsibility for the ----- with his client.

a. misunderstand b. misunderstands c. misunderstanding d. misunderstood

 

11. Karen took her laundry to the ----- every Monday morning.

a. clean b. cleaners c. cleaning d. cleanliness

 

12. The bank issued a replacement credit card after receiving ---- that the client's card had been lost.

a. notification b. notifying c. noticed d. notify

 

13. People enjoy visiting our candy factory because we give candy away ----- the tour.

a. while b. during c. onto d. about

 

14. Brandon Dairy ------ offers more generous benefits than any other company in the community.

a. suppose b. supposition c. supposing d. supposedly

 

15. The union feels that the contract is ----- to all parties and has decided to end the strike.

a. fair b. fairly c. fairness d. fairest

 

16. This book contains colorful ----- by award winning artists.

a. illustrated b. illustrator c. illustrations d. illustrious

 

17. Mr. Bae called the newspaper office to cancel delivery while ---- was on vacation.

a. himself b. his c. he d. him

 

 

18. Small business owners need payroll information that is comprehensive ----- easy to understand.

a. yet b. nor c. than d. as

 

19. The increase in interest rates will have a ------ effect on capital equipment purchases.

a. discourage b. discouraging c. discouraged d. discouragingly

 

20. All new recruits are hired ---- for a six month trial period.

a. temporarily b. temporal c. temporary d. temporize

 

21. Mr. Bae is ---- particular about what he eats for lunch.

a. much b. near c. even d. extremely

 

22. The company is committed to dealing ------ with other organizations.

a. fair b. fairly c. fairer d. fairness

 

23. The Anzel Chemical Company developed a new plastic that is ----- of withstanding extremely

a. capabilities b. capability c. capably d. capable

 

24. To subscribe to " Newsmakers Magazine," please complete and return the ----- card.

a. attach b. attached c. attaching d. attachable

 

25. Metabolism consists of a complicated series of chemicals reactions carried out by living cells.

A B C D

26. The development of the watch depended upon the invent of the mainspring.

A B C D

27. Bromyrite crystals have a diamond-like luster and are usually colorless, but they dark to brown when exposed to

A B C D

light.

28. Taconite, a flintlike rock found main in northern Minnesota, contains approximately 30 percent iron.

A B C D

29. The zenith provides a means for making various calculates in astronomy.

A B C D

30. An unstable substance, nitroglycerin decomposes with explosiveness violence if it is heated or jarred.

A B C D

 

 

 

< 실전문제 풀이2 -- 다음의 문제는 실전에 나온 문제로 30문제를 5분만에 풀어야 한다. > --- speed & accuracy

 

31. Dr. Rivera will give the welcoming speech ------ at the annual stockholder's dinner.

a. her b. she c. herself d. hers

 

32. Industry experts believe that the two mechanical processes were developed -----.

a. concurrent b. concurrence c. concurrently d. concurring

 

33. The post office requires one form of ------ from anyone picking up a package.

a. identify b. identification d. identifying d. identifiable

 

34. A ----- broadcast of the hearings was proposed in yesterday's congressional meeting.

a. live b. alive c. living d. lived

 

35. The mediator in the labor dispute was replaced when her ----- was called into question.

a. neutralize b. neutrally c. neutral d. neutrality

 

 

36. The reviewers agreed that this currency conversation device is as ----- as others they have tested.

a. reliant b. reliable c. reliably d. reliability

 

37. Section leaders are asked to help ------ work temas prepare for the president's site inspection next Tuesday.

a. them b. their c. theirs d. themselves

 

38. While representatives of Unified Bank and Trust are working abroad, they should maintain standards of behavior ------- with local customs.

a. accord b. accordingly c. in accordance d. are according

 

39. Requests for special dietary service are ------ to cancellation if passengers have not checked in one hour before departure.

a. subject b. subjecting c. subjective d. subjects

 

40. To ensure ----- the old fabric mill will remain in operation for six more weeks while the new one becomes fully operational.

a. continual b. continue c. continuity d. continuous

 

41. The Golden Ballroom has been reserved for the film crew, and the hotel president ----- is scheduled to receive the director in the main lobby.

a. him b. he c. his d. himself

 

42. After ten years as company president, Ms. Garcial has finally asked the board of directors to give ----- a raise.

a. herself b. she c. hers d. her

 

43. The monorail system at the new airport is quite -----.

a. impress b. impressed c. impression d. impressive

 

44. Had the graphic arts department not had our assistance, it would not have been able to do the work so ------.

a. efficiencies b. efficient c. efficiency d. efficiently

 

45. The researchers announced the publication of ----- findings in the Journal of Applied Development.

a. their b. theirs c. them d. they

 

46. Store employees should remember that normal operating hours will be effect for the ------ of the month.

a. remained b. remaining c. remain d. remainder

 

47. A trainee should seek ------ from a supervisor when it is needed.

a. advice b. advisor c. advisory d. advisable

 

48. The director of public affairs announced that the recent advertising campaign was ----- received 쇼 consumers throughout the region.

a. favor b. favorable c. favorably d. favoring

 

49. Initiating the new product line is the ----- project our division has ever undertaken.

a. challenged b. challenging c. most challenging d. more challenged

 

50. Our goal is to make all outgoing correspondence ----- free of errors.

a. complete b. completely c. completing d. completeness

 

51. ------, Mr. Russo has decided to leave the company at the end of this month.

a. Regrettably b. Regretting c. Regret d. Regrettable

 

52. Mr. Amato resigned from his position with E-Z Shipping, and his works now for Express Shipping in Beijing.

A B C D

53. Because of the late arrive of Flight772, all passengers with connecting flights were asked to report to customer

A B C

service agents waiting at the gate.

D

 

54. Applicants were first screened to exclude those who did not meeting residency requirements.

A B C D

 

55. Because her supervisor was on sick leave, Mrs. Axenbury was entire alone in their office for a period of two weeks.

A B C D

 

56. Before settling on a price, make surely that the consultant is clear about your business.

A B C D

 

< 실전문제 풀이3 -- Part 6의 품사구별이라고 해서 특별히 맞히는 방법이 있는 것이 아니라, 다만 밑줄 쳐진 ABCD

가 맞는지 확인하는 법을 통해 품사구별을 잡아낼 수 있다. 많은 연습을 필요로 하므로 문제를 풀어보며 익히자. >

 

1. When it became apparent that the project was not practically, all of the investors backed out.

A B C D

 

2. The teacher told the students to sit quite and not to open their books until told to do so.

A B C D

 

3. Organization, cleanliness, and prompt are important traits to develop in the field of business.

A B C D

 

4. If our plane arrives lately, we will miss our connection to Jakarta.

A B C D

 

5. When the results were tabulated, it was obviously which candidate the people preferred.

A B C D

 

6. It was essential that our sign the lease before the end of the month.

A B C D

 

7. Although he was young, he was surprised well qualified for the position.

A B C D

 

8. Speaking on behalf of entirely the committee, Clark reported the findings and conclusions, adding his own

A B C

recommendation for further study.

D

 

9. The Ministry of Energy is pushing for the immediately construction of a nuclear and power plant, but people

A B C

 

who live in the area where is to be built do not like it.

D

 

10. The users asked all of the audience to leave as quick as possible.

A B C D

 

11. Social reformer Florence Kelly played a role in the 1893 decision of Illinois legislature to prohibition child labor.

A B C D

 

12. Instead of being housed in one central bank in Washington D.C, the Federal Reserve System is division into

A B C

 

twelve districts.

D

 

13. Human beings, like all mammals, are warm-blooded with a fairly constantly body temperature.

A B C D

 

14. Scientists at universities are often more involved in basic research than in practically research.

A B C D

 

15. The poetry of Gwendolyn Brooks demonstrates a major a characteristically of twentieth-century writing; the

A B C

 

conflict between commitment to a social ideal and commitment to art.

D

 

16. Some doctors believe that laryngitis may result from irritating substances, such as spicy food, smoky, and air

A B C D

pollution.

 

17. As chemists began to discover new elements, they found that certain elements behaved similarity.

A B C D

 

18. The purposeful of the elementary school is to introduce children to the skins, information and attitudes necessary

A B C

 

for a smooth adjustment to society.

D

 

19. The economy of Little Rock, Arkansas, is basis primarily on manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade, and

A B C

 

government functions.

D

 

20. Artificial intelligence may in the future be used to explore significant scientifically questions at a level beyond the

A B C D

 

grasp of human ability.

 

21. Once an important port of entry for immigrants to the United States, Ellis Island recent reopened its great hall as

A B C D

 

a museum of immigration.

 

22. An erupting volcano or an earthquake sometimes affects the featured of the surrounding region and can even

A B C

 

cause lakes to disappear.

D

 

 

23. The aging process is not entirely determined by heredity, but is influenced by different environmental and social

A B C

circumstances as good.

D

 

24. A leading Canadian feminist and author, Nellie McClung, struggled relentlessly in the early twentieth century to

A B

 

win politically and legal rights for Canadian women.

C D

 

 

 

 

 

 

해 답

 

1.B 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.C 10.C

11.B 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.A 16.C 17.C 18.A

19.B 20.A 21.D 22.B 23.D 24.B 25.B 26.C

27.C 28.B 29.C 30.B 31.C 32.C 33.B 34.A

35.D 36.B 37.B 38.C 39.A 40.C 41.D 42.D

43.D 44.D 45.A 46.D 47.A 48.C 49.C 50.B

51.A 52.C 53.A 54.A 55.C 56.B

1.C 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.C

11.D 12.C 13.C 14.D 15.C 16.D 17.D 18.A

19.B 20.C 21.C 22.B 23.D 24.C